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手掌关键点检测

前言

手掌关键点指的是5个手指的关节位置,通过对关键点分析可以判断任意手势应用。

实验目的

检测摄像头拍摄到的画面中的手掌关键点并画图指示。

实验讲解

本实验通过CanMV K230 AI视觉框架开发,详细说明参考 AI视觉开发框架 章节内容,这里不再重复。例程用到的模型已经存放在CanMV K230的文件系统,无需额外拷贝。

具体编程思路如下:

参考代码

'''
实验名称:手掌关键点检测
实验平台:01Studio CanMV K230
教程:wiki.01studio.cc
'''

from libs.PipeLine import PipeLine, ScopedTiming
from libs.AIBase import AIBase
from libs.AI2D import Ai2d
import os
import ujson
from media.media import *
from time import *
import nncase_runtime as nn
import ulab.numpy as np
import time
import image
import aicube
import random
import gc
import sys

# 自定义手掌检测任务类
class HandDetApp(AIBase):
def __init__(self,kmodel_path,labels,model_input_size,anchors,confidence_threshold=0.2,nms_threshold=0.5,nms_option=False, strides=[8,16,32],rgb888p_size=[1920,1080],display_size=[1920,1080],debug_mode=0):
super().__init__(kmodel_path,model_input_size,rgb888p_size,debug_mode)
# kmodel路径
self.kmodel_path=kmodel_path
self.labels=labels
# 检测模型输入分辨率
self.model_input_size=model_input_size
# 置信度阈值
self.confidence_threshold=confidence_threshold
# nms阈值
self.nms_threshold=nms_threshold
# 锚框,目标检测任务使用
self.anchors=anchors
# 特征下采样倍数
self.strides = strides
# NMS选项,如果为True做类间NMS,如果为False做类内NMS
self.nms_option = nms_option
# sensor给到AI的图像分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.rgb888p_size=[ALIGN_UP(rgb888p_size[0],16),rgb888p_size[1]]
# 视频输出VO分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.display_size=[ALIGN_UP(display_size[0],16),display_size[1]]
# debug模式
self.debug_mode=debug_mode
# Ai2d实例用于实现预处理
self.ai2d=Ai2d(debug_mode)
# 设置ai2d的输入输出的格式和数据类型
self.ai2d.set_ai2d_dtype(nn.ai2d_format.NCHW_FMT,nn.ai2d_format.NCHW_FMT,np.uint8, np.uint8)

# 配置预处理操作,这里使用了pad和resize,Ai2d支持crop/shift/pad/resize/affine,具体代码请打开/sdcard/app/libs/AI2D.py查看
def config_preprocess(self,input_image_size=None):
with ScopedTiming("set preprocess config",self.debug_mode > 0):
# 初始化ai2d预处理配置,默认为sensor给到AI的尺寸,可以通过设置input_image_size自行修改输入尺寸
ai2d_input_size = input_image_size if input_image_size else self.rgb888p_size
# 计算padding参数并应用pad操作,以确保输入图像尺寸与模型输入尺寸匹配
top, bottom, left, right = self.get_padding_param()
self.ai2d.pad([0, 0, 0, 0, top, bottom, left, right], 0, [114, 114, 114])
# 使用双线性插值进行resize操作,调整图像尺寸以符合模型输入要求
self.ai2d.resize(nn.interp_method.tf_bilinear, nn.interp_mode.half_pixel)
# 构建预处理流程,参数为预处理输入tensor的shape和预处理输出的tensor的shape
self.ai2d.build([1,3,ai2d_input_size[1],ai2d_input_size[0]],[1,3,self.model_input_size[1],self.model_input_size[0]])

# 自定义当前任务的后处理,用于处理模型输出结果,这里使用了aicube库的anchorbasedet_post_process接口
def postprocess(self,results):
with ScopedTiming("postprocess",self.debug_mode > 0):
dets = aicube.anchorbasedet_post_process(results[0], results[1], results[2], self.model_input_size, self.rgb888p_size, self.strides, len(self.labels), self.confidence_threshold, self.nms_threshold, self.anchors, self.nms_option)
# 返回手掌检测结果
return dets

# 计算padding参数,确保输入图像尺寸与模型输入尺寸匹配
def get_padding_param(self):
# 根据目标宽度和高度计算比例因子
dst_w = self.model_input_size[0]
dst_h = self.model_input_size[1]
input_width = self.rgb888p_size[0]
input_high = self.rgb888p_size[1]
ratio_w = dst_w / input_width
ratio_h = dst_h / input_high
# 选择较小的比例因子,以确保图像内容完整
if ratio_w < ratio_h:
ratio = ratio_w
else:
ratio = ratio_h
# 计算新的宽度和高度
new_w = int(ratio * input_width)
new_h = int(ratio * input_high)
# 计算宽度和高度的差值,并确定padding的位置
dw = (dst_w - new_w) / 2
dh = (dst_h - new_h) / 2
top = int(round(dh - 0.1))
bottom = int(round(dh + 0.1))
left = int(round(dw - 0.1))
right = int(round(dw + 0.1))
return top, bottom, left, right

# 自定义手势关键点检测任务类
class HandKPDetApp(AIBase):
def __init__(self,kmodel_path,model_input_size,rgb888p_size=[1920,1080],display_size=[1920,1080],debug_mode=0):
super().__init__(kmodel_path,model_input_size,rgb888p_size,debug_mode)
# kmodel路径
self.kmodel_path=kmodel_path
# 检测模型输入分辨率
self.model_input_size=model_input_size
# sensor给到AI的图像分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.rgb888p_size=[ALIGN_UP(rgb888p_size[0],16),rgb888p_size[1]]
# 视频输出VO分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.display_size=[ALIGN_UP(display_size[0],16),display_size[1]]
self.crop_params=[]
# debug模式
self.debug_mode=debug_mode
# Ai2d实例用于实现预处理
self.ai2d=Ai2d(debug_mode)
# 设置ai2d的输入输出的格式和数据类型
self.ai2d.set_ai2d_dtype(nn.ai2d_format.NCHW_FMT,nn.ai2d_format.NCHW_FMT,np.uint8, np.uint8)

# 配置预处理操作,这里使用了crop和resize,Ai2d支持crop/shift/pad/resize/affine,具体代码请打开/sdcard/app/libs/AI2D.py查看
def config_preprocess(self,det,input_image_size=None):
with ScopedTiming("set preprocess config",self.debug_mode > 0):
ai2d_input_size=input_image_size if input_image_size else self.rgb888p_size
self.crop_params = self.get_crop_param(det)
self.ai2d.crop(self.crop_params[0],self.crop_params[1],self.crop_params[2],self.crop_params[3])
self.ai2d.resize(nn.interp_method.tf_bilinear, nn.interp_mode.half_pixel)
self.ai2d.build([1,3,ai2d_input_size[1],ai2d_input_size[0]],[1,3,self.model_input_size[1],self.model_input_size[0]])

# 自定义后处理,results是模型输出的array列表
def postprocess(self,results):
with ScopedTiming("postprocess",self.debug_mode > 0):
results=results[0].reshape(results[0].shape[0]*results[0].shape[1])
results_show = np.zeros(results.shape,dtype=np.int16)
results_show[0::2] = results[0::2] * self.crop_params[3] + self.crop_params[0]
results_show[1::2] = results[1::2] * self.crop_params[2] + self.crop_params[1]
results_show[0::2] = results_show[0::2] * (self.display_size[0] / self.rgb888p_size[0])
results_show[1::2] = results_show[1::2] * (self.display_size[1] / self.rgb888p_size[1])
return results_show

# 计算crop参数
def get_crop_param(self,det_box):
x1, y1, x2, y2 = det_box[2],det_box[3],det_box[4],det_box[5]
w,h= int(x2 - x1),int(y2 - y1)
w_det = int(float(x2 - x1) * self.display_size[0] // self.rgb888p_size[0])
h_det = int(float(y2 - y1) * self.display_size[1] // self.rgb888p_size[1])
x_det = int(x1*self.display_size[0] // self.rgb888p_size[0])
y_det = int(y1*self.display_size[1] // self.rgb888p_size[1])
length = max(w, h)/2
cx = (x1+x2)/2
cy = (y1+y2)/2
ratio_num = 1.26*length
x1_kp = int(max(0,cx-ratio_num))
y1_kp = int(max(0,cy-ratio_num))
x2_kp = int(min(self.rgb888p_size[0]-1, cx+ratio_num))
y2_kp = int(min(self.rgb888p_size[1]-1, cy+ratio_num))
w_kp = int(x2_kp - x1_kp + 1)
h_kp = int(y2_kp - y1_kp + 1)
return [x1_kp, y1_kp, w_kp, h_kp]

# 手掌关键点检测任务
class HandKeyPointDet:
def __init__(self,hand_det_kmodel,hand_kp_kmodel,det_input_size,kp_input_size,labels,anchors,confidence_threshold=0.25,nms_threshold=0.3,nms_option=False,strides=[8,16,32],rgb888p_size=[1280,720],display_size=[1920,1080],debug_mode=0):
# 手掌检测模型路径
self.hand_det_kmodel=hand_det_kmodel
# 手掌关键点模型路径
self.hand_kp_kmodel=hand_kp_kmodel
# 手掌检测模型输入分辨率
self.det_input_size=det_input_size
# 手掌关键点模型输入分辨率
self.kp_input_size=kp_input_size
self.labels=labels
# anchors
self.anchors=anchors
# 置信度阈值
self.confidence_threshold=confidence_threshold
# nms阈值
self.nms_threshold=nms_threshold
# nms选项
self.nms_option=nms_option
# 特征图对于输入的下采样倍数
self.strides=strides
# sensor给到AI的图像分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.rgb888p_size=[ALIGN_UP(rgb888p_size[0],16),rgb888p_size[1]]
# 视频输出VO分辨率,宽16字节对齐
self.display_size=[ALIGN_UP(display_size[0],16),display_size[1]]
# debug_mode模式
self.debug_mode=debug_mode
self.hand_det=HandDetApp(self.hand_det_kmodel,self.labels,model_input_size=self.det_input_size,anchors=self.anchors,confidence_threshold=self.confidence_threshold,nms_threshold=self.nms_threshold,nms_option=self.nms_option,strides=self.strides,rgb888p_size=self.rgb888p_size,display_size=self.display_size,debug_mode=0)
self.hand_kp=HandKPDetApp(self.hand_kp_kmodel,model_input_size=self.kp_input_size,rgb888p_size=self.rgb888p_size,display_size=self.display_size)
self.hand_det.config_preprocess()

# run函数
def run(self,input_np):
# 手掌检测
det_boxes=self.hand_det.run(input_np)
hand_res=[]
boxes=[]
for det_box in det_boxes:
# 对检测到的每个手掌执行手势关键点识别
x1, y1, x2, y2 = det_box[2],det_box[3],det_box[4],det_box[5]
w,h= int(x2 - x1),int(y2 - y1)
# 丢弃不合理的框
if (h<(0.1*self.rgb888p_size[1])):
continue
if (w<(0.25*self.rgb888p_size[0]) and ((x1<(0.03*self.rgb888p_size[0])) or (x2>(0.97*self.rgb888p_size[0])))):
continue
if (w<(0.15*self.rgb888p_size[0]) and ((x1<(0.01*self.rgb888p_size[0])) or (x2>(0.99*self.rgb888p_size[0])))):
continue
self.hand_kp.config_preprocess(det_box)
results_show=self.hand_kp.run(input_np)
boxes.append(det_box)
hand_res.append(results_show)
return boxes,hand_res

# 绘制效果,绘制手掌关键点、检测框
def draw_result(self,pl,dets,hand_res):
pl.osd_img.clear()
if dets:
for k in range(len(dets)):
det_box=dets[k]
x1, y1, x2, y2 = det_box[2],det_box[3],det_box[4],det_box[5]
w,h= int(x2 - x1),int(y2 - y1)
w_det = int(float(x2 - x1) * self.display_size[0] // self.rgb888p_size[0])
h_det = int(float(y2 - y1) * self.display_size[1] // self.rgb888p_size[1])
x_det = int(x1*self.display_size[0] // self.rgb888p_size[0])
y_det = int(y1*self.display_size[1] // self.rgb888p_size[1])
pl.osd_img.draw_rectangle(x_det, y_det, w_det, h_det, color=(255, 0, 255, 0), thickness = 2)

results_show=hand_res[k]
for i in range(len(results_show)/2):
pl.osd_img.draw_circle(results_show[i*2], results_show[i*2+1], 1, color=(255, 0, 255, 0),fill=False)
for i in range(5):
j = i*8
if i==0:
R = 255; G = 0; B = 0
if i==1:
R = 255; G = 0; B = 255
if i==2:
R = 255; G = 255; B = 0
if i==3:
R = 0; G = 255; B = 0
if i==4:
R = 0; G = 0; B = 255
pl.osd_img.draw_line(results_show[0], results_show[1], results_show[j+2], results_show[j+3], color=(255,R,G,B), thickness = 3)
pl.osd_img.draw_line(results_show[j+2], results_show[j+3], results_show[j+4], results_show[j+5], color=(255,R,G,B), thickness = 3)
pl.osd_img.draw_line(results_show[j+4], results_show[j+5], results_show[j+6], results_show[j+7], color=(255,R,G,B), thickness = 3)
pl.osd_img.draw_line(results_show[j+6], results_show[j+7], results_show[j+8], results_show[j+9], color=(255,R,G,B), thickness = 3)



if __name__=="__main__":
# 显示模式,默认"hdmi",可以选择"hdmi"和"lcd"
display_mode="lcd"
if display_mode=="hdmi":
display_size=[1920,1080]
else:
display_size=[800,480]
# 手掌检测模型路径
hand_det_kmodel_path="/sdcard/app/tests/kmodel/hand_det.kmodel"
# 手部关键点模型路径
hand_kp_kmodel_path="/sdcard/app/tests/kmodel/handkp_det.kmodel"
# 其它参数
anchors_path="/sdcard/app/tests/utils/prior_data_320.bin"
rgb888p_size=[1920,1080]
hand_det_input_size=[512,512]
hand_kp_input_size=[256,256]
confidence_threshold=0.2
nms_threshold=0.5
labels=["hand"]
anchors = [26,27, 53,52, 75,71, 80,99, 106,82, 99,134, 140,113, 161,172, 245,276]

# 初始化PipeLine,只关注传给AI的图像分辨率,显示的分辨率
pl=PipeLine(rgb888p_size=rgb888p_size,display_size=display_size,display_mode=display_mode)
pl.create()
hkd=HandKeyPointDet(hand_det_kmodel_path,hand_kp_kmodel_path,det_input_size=hand_det_input_size,kp_input_size=hand_kp_input_size,labels=labels,anchors=anchors,confidence_threshold=confidence_threshold,nms_threshold=nms_threshold,nms_option=False,strides=[8,16,32],rgb888p_size=rgb888p_size,display_size=display_size)

clock = time.clock()

try:
while True:

os.exitpoint()

clock.tick()

img=pl.get_frame() # 获取当前帧
det_boxes,hand_res=hkd.run(img) # 推理当前帧
hkd.draw_result(pl,det_boxes,hand_res) # 绘制推理结果
print(det_boxes,hand_res) # 打印结果
pl.show_image() # 展示推理结果
gc.collect()

print(clock.fps()) #打印帧率

except Exception as e:
sys.print_exception(e)
finally:
hkd.hand_det.deinit()
hkd.hand_kp.deinit()
pl.destroy()

这里对关键代码进行讲解:

  • 主函数代码:

可以看到使用默认配置后只使用了4行代码便实现了获取当前帧图像、AI推理、绘制结果、显示结果 的识别流程。

代码中det_boxes变量为手掌结果, hand_res为识别手掌关键点结果。

        ...
while True:

os.exitpoint()

clock.tick()

img=pl.get_frame() # 获取当前帧
det_boxes,hand_res=hkd.run(img) # 推理当前帧
hkd.draw_result(pl,det_boxes,hand_res) # 绘制推理结果
print(det_boxes,hand_res) # 打印结果
pl.show_image() # 展示推理结果
gc.collect()

print(clock.fps()) #打印帧率
...

实验结果

运行代码,将摄像头正对下图手掌。

原图:

hand_detection

识别结果:

hand_detection